![]() In 1935, the first Russian translations of his poems were published. However, many of his lyrical poems weren't published due to being at conflict with Stalinism. The first of them, The Millions, Decorated with Orders was devoted mostly to youth and Komsomol, whereas in the second, Verses and Poems, was a general compilation of his writing. In 1934, Musa Cälil published two collections. Then, he managed the section of literature and art in the central Tatar newspaper Kommunist. Until 1932, he was a chief editor of the Tatar children's magazine Keckenə iptəşlər, which was later renamed to Oktəbr Balasь ( Little Octobrist). In 1931, Cälil graduated from the literature faculty of Moscow University. By the end of the 1920s, lyricism appeared in Cälil's poetry. He entered the Moscow Association of Proletarian Writers he became its third secretary and a leader of its Tatar section. Living in Moscow, Cälil met Russian poets Zharov, Bezymensky, and Svetlov Cälil also attended Vladimir Mayakovsky's performances. Cälil joined the All-Union Communist Party (b) in 1929, which was the same year that his second collection, İptäşkä ( To the Comrade Jaꞑalif: Iptəşkə) was published. In 1927, Musa moved to Moscow, where he combined his study in the Moscow State University and job in Tatar– Bashkir section of the Central Committee of Komsomol. In 1926, he became the member of Orenburg governorate Komsomol committee. ĭuring 19, Cälil became an instructor of Orsk uyezd Komsomol cell, where he visited Tatar and Kazakh auls, agitating for Komsomol there. One concept that the verses dealt with was pre-revolutionary life. His first collection of verses, Barabız ( We are going) was published in 1925. Since that year, his poetry departed from Ghisyanism and aruz and turned to the Tatar folk verse. In 1924, he became a member of the literary society October, backing Proletkult. He became acquainted with Tatar poets such as Qawi Näcmi, Hadi Taqtaş, and Ğädel Qutuy. In Kazan, Cälil worked as copyist for the Qızıl Tatarstan newspaper and studied at rabfak of the Oriental Pedagogical Institute. During this time, verses that he wrote include "The Red Host", "The Red Holyday", "The Red Hero", "The Red Way", "The Red Force", and "The Red Banner". In 1922, Musa, along with other Tatar poets, moved to Kazan. In 1920, the Tatar ASSR was established and Kazan became its capital. He represented his village at the governorate Komsomol conference. He also became a Komsomol activist in Mustafino. In 1920, Cälil returned to his native village, establishing the pro-Communist youth organization The Red Flower there. ![]() Then, Musa participated in the Russian Civil War against pro-White forces due to his young age, he did not fight at the front, instead serving in a Red Army unit. In 1919, he joined the underground Komsomol cell in Orenburg (the region was under the control of White Russians at that time). The Turkic aruz wezni poetic rhythm is seen in Cälil's early works, which is attributed to Gisyanism ( ğıysyanizm гыйсъянизм), a romantic poetic style celebrating revolution that was often found in young Tatar poetry of the 1920s. His first published works were revolutionary verses. He graduated from Husainiya Madrasa in Orenburg. Musa Cälil was born in Mustafino, a village in Orenburg Governorate, to a family of junk dealers.
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